Liquid forms of cyanide can be absorbed through the skin. Other potential routes of exposure include workplaces involved in metal polishing, certain insecticides, the medication sodium nitroprusside, and certain seeds such as those of apples and apricots. Poisoning is relatively common following breathing in smoke from a house fire. Toxic cyanide-containing compounds include hydrogen cyanide gas and a number of cyanide salts. Some survivors have long-term neurological problems. Onset of symptoms usually occurs within a few minutes. This phase may then be followed by seizures, slow heart rate, low blood pressure, loss of consciousness, and cardiac arrest. Early symptoms include headache, dizziness, fast heart rate, shortness of breath, and vomiting. House fire, metal polishing, certain insecticides, eating seeds such as from apples īased on symptoms, high blood lactate ĭecontamination, supportive care (100% oxygen), hydroxocobalamin Ĭyanide poisoning is poisoning that results from exposure to any of a number of forms of cyanide. Later: seizures, slow heart rate, low blood pressure, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest
Iron poisoning is given deferoxamine mesylate as the antidote.Heparin poisoning is given protamine sulfate as the antidote.Heavy metal poisoning is given chelators, calcium disodium edetate (EDTA), dimercaprol (BAL), penicillamine, and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer) as the antidote.Extrapyramidal reactions associated with antipsychotic poisoning is given diphenhydramine hydrochloride and benztropine mesylate as the antidote.Ethylene glycol poisoning is given ethanol or fomepizole as the antidote.Digoxin poisoning is given Fragment antigen binding(Fab) fragments that bind to digoxin (trade names Digibind and Digifab) as the antidote.Cyanide poisoning is given amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and thiosulfate as the antidote.Carbon monoxide poisoning is given oxygen as the antidote.Beta blocker poisoning is given glucagon as the antidote.Benzodiazepine poisoning is given flumazenil as the antidote.atropine sulfatepoisoning is given Anticholinesteraseand pralidoxime chloride 2-PAM as the antidote.Anticholinergic poisoning is given physostigmine sulfate as the antidote.Poisons which are injected into the body (such as those from bites or stings from venomous animals) are usually treated by the use of a constriction band which limits the flow of lymph and/or blood to the area, thus slowing circulation of the poison around the body. Ingested poisons are frequently treated by the oral administration of activated charcoal, which absorbs the poison, and then it is flushed from the digestive tract, removing a large part of the toxin. For example, the poison ricin, which is produced from the waste byproduct of castor oil manufacture, has no antidote, and as a result is often fatal if it enters the human body in sufficient quantities. Some other toxins have no known antidote. certain spiders, scorpions, bees, etc.) are only potentially lethal when they provoke allergic reactions and induce anaphylactic shock as such, there is no "antidote" for these venoms because it is not a form of poisoning, though anaphylactic shock can be treated (e.g., by the use of epinephrine). Some animal venoms, especially those produced by arthropods (e.g. The venom produced by some snakes, spiders, and other venomous animals is often treatable by the use of these antivenoms, although a number do lack one, and a bite or sting from such an animal often results in death. Sometimes, the antidote for a particular toxin is manufactured by injecting the toxin into an animal in small doses and the resulting antibodies are extracted from the animals' blood. Mutagen - List of Extremely Hazardous Substances - Biological warfareĪn antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning. Nicotine - Theobromine - Carbon monoxide - Vitamin - Medicines
Shellfish ( Paralytic - Diarrheal - Neurologic Toxic metal ( Lead - Mercury - Cadmium - Antimony - Arsenic - Beryllium - Iron - Thallium) - Fluoride - Oxygen Fixed Dose Procedure - LD 50 - Lethal dose
0 kommentar(er)
